What is pH?

pH is a measurement of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. It provides a value on a scale from 0 to 14 where 7 is neutral, less than 7 is acidic, and greater than 7 is alkaline (or basic).
The closer you move towards 0, the more a solution is acidic, and the closer you move to 14, the more a solution is alkaline.

pH is often depicted on a graphical colour scale as shown below:

When talking about water, its pH value is related directly to the ratio of positively charged hydrogen ions [H+] and negatively charged hydroxyl ions [OH-].

When water has an equal concentration of H+ ions and OH- ions, it is said to be neutral (pH=7)
When water has a greater concentration of H+ ions, it is said to be acidic (pH<7) When a solution has a greater concentration of OH-, it is said to be alkaline (pH>7).

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